- Hello, amazing learners.

Welcome to "Read, Write, Roar!"

Today, we will continue our unit on school days as we finish reading a book that compares what schools looked like in the past and what schools look like now.

Mrs.

Spear will also be here to play with some words and sounds while doing a word ladder to practice the sh sounds at the beginning and end of words.

It's going to be a great time, so let's do it.

- [Announcer] This program is made possible in part by the Michigan Department of Education, the state of Michigan, and the W.K.

Kellogg Foundation.

Additional support by... And by viewers like you.

Thank you.

(upbeat playful music) (mellow techno music) - Hello, learners.

I'm Ms. Rodgers.

We're going to finish reading an informational book about schools.

The name of the book is "School Days Then and Now" by Bobbie Kalman.

We are reading this book with permission from Crabtree Publishers.

Let's review some words we learned that help us to understand the book.

In this book, we're reading about schools in the past and in the present.

We use the word past when we're talking about time long ago.

When we talk about any time or anything that happened before today, we say it happened in the past.

When we are talking about something that's happening now, we say it is the present.

If we wanna talk about something that hasn't happened yet, we call it future.

It happened in the future.

So now when we read our book, we can think about these words when we're talking about schools in the past, long ago, in the present, right now, and then in the future, what will happen after right now.

In the beginning of our book, we read about school buildings, how students went to school, school workers, and how all of these were the same and different in the past and present.

Today, we will read about what is the same and different and what happens at school.

While we are reading, I want you to think about a school you know or go to and if it is the same or different than the ones we read about.

(playful sting plays) Let's start reading our book.

Our title is "School Days Then and Now" by Bobbie Kalman.

And remember, we have permission to read this by Crabtree Publishers.

A school day.

Students today come to school in the morning, have recess, and take a lunch break.

Besides reading, writing, and math, they also learn science, art, social studies, music, and physical education.

Children do their schoolwork with the help of books and computers.

Science is a subject that children learn today.

Time to start school.

In a one-room school long ago, the teacher rang a school bell to let the children know that school was about to begin.

Very few subjects.

Students learned reading, writing, spelling, and arithmetic, or math, and some social studies and science.

Children learned by copying what the teacher wrote on the blackboard and reciting, or repeating out loud, what they were taught.

Schools had very few books because books were expensive, or they cost a lot.

And farmers did not have much money.

Often, each child had one book called a primer.

Learning tools.

Many schools today have laptop computers, tablets, printers, and interactive whiteboards to help children read, write, spell, and learn different subjects.

Students can also create reports on them.

This boy is using a special pen to write his answers on an interactive white board, which is connected to his teacher's laptop.

This girl has found information and pictures about one-room schools on her laptop.

Write and wipe.

In one-room schools, students wrote their lessons on slates, using slate pencils or chalk.

After each lesson, they wiped their slates clean so they could use them again.

They could not keep their work and look at it again.

How did this make learning harder?

Think about that.

If you are reading, writing, and learning, and then you have to erase everything that you had on your board, how would that make your learning challenging?

Do you think you'll be able to remember what you did?

Or would it be a little more difficult?

Fun ways to learn.

Today, there are many fun ways to learn.

Children draw, paint, write stories, and play musical instruments.

Students from different cultures share their ways of life through stories, music, and art.

Students also play learning games at school on computers or digital tablets.

This girl is playing a math game on her tablet.

These students drew a map of the world to show the countries and continents where they were born.

They enjoyed learning about the world and about one another.

Word games.

Spelling was an important subject long ago.

That means they're talking about the past.

Just as it is today.

It helped children become better readers and writers.

Spelling bees were popular in the past and are still popular now, which is the present.

Good job.

Children also played word games, such as Anagrams.

Anagrams help them become better spellers.

Let's look at this illustration.

In the game of Anagrams, children switch letters around to make different words, such as tale and late, pest and step.

If we take a closer look at the words tale and late, we notice that they have the same letters.

They're just in a different order.

The same thing with the word pest and step.

Games and sports.

Games and sports are a big part of school today because exercise keeps students healthy.

At recess, children play clapping and skipping games.

After school, they play baseball, basketball, and soccer.

Oh, I see a caption that's giving us a question and giving us some answers.

Did you know?

Basketball was invented in 1891 by James Naismith, a Canadian sports coach.

The first basketball nets were peach baskets.

So people had to be really creative then and now.

Clapping games are fun to play.

Still played today.

Many games and sports that were played at school in the past are still played now.

The boys on the right are playing baseball.

The girls below are playing a clapping game.

Other favorite recess games were tag, leap frog, tug-of-war, and many kinds of skipping games.

Gardens of health.

Ooh, I think we're going to talk about food now.

Most schools today teach children about nutrition.

Growing vegetable gardens is an important part of this subject.

Does your school have a garden?

School gardens teach students about nature, how plants make food, how to work as a team, how to measure spaces between plants so plants have room to grow.

These students grew nutritious vegetables, such as lettuce, tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, and onions in their school garden.

Learning to cook healthy recipes is the next step.

Which foods does your body need to stay healthy?

Which foods should you eat less often?

Hmm.

That's really something to think about.

They've given us some great choices here.

Farming lessons at school.

Many people long ago were farmers, and their children would also become farmers.

Growing vegetable gardens at school gave children farming skills and also provided them with food.

Students used the vegetables to make meals at school.

They stored some to make hot soups in winter.

Last day of school.

Children long ago celebrated the end of the school year.

They learned special songs, put on plays, and played games with family and friends.

Today, students celebrate the end of the school year in similar ways.

Some have a party with their friends and look forward to coming back the following school year.

Others graduate from elementary school and go on to high school.

What do you like to do on the last day of school?

Wow, that was a great book that helped us to learn more about the past and present.

And what do you think schools in the future might be like?

Well, keep reading to find out and continue to discover the world around you.

Great job learning with me today.

I'll see you soon.

(mellow techno music) - Hi there, learners.

I'm Mrs.

Spear.

And today, you might notice that I'm in a funny kind of outfit.

Well, I'm in my construction gear because you know what?

We are going to be word builders.

That's right.

Word builders.

So if you don't have something to write with or something to write on, you'll be able to do this word building with me.

So we are going to do what's called a word ladder.

We are going to start at the bottom here with one word, and then we're going to change one letter or two letters at a time and then keep writing new words as we go up the ladder.

Now, here's what we'll be doing.

We'll be listening for the sounds in words.

And then we'll be thinking about the letters that we know that match the sounds that we hear.

And then we are going to write the words on our ladder.

So let's get started with our first word.

The first word that's going to go right here on our ladder is rush.

Say rush.

Great.

Let's say the sounds we hear in rush.

Rush.

Er-uh-sh.

Rush.

Let's do those sounds together.

Er-uh-sh.

Rush.

Great job.

Now we're going to think about what letters we know that match those sounds.

Hmm.

This is where I need something to write with.

I'm going to start down here and write the sound I hear that makes the er sound.

What letter?

Yes, that's letter R. I'm gonna start here at the left side of my little page here.

The next one I hear is the uh uh sound.

That's letter U. Er.

Er-uh-sh.

Wait a minute.

That's not one letter.

That's two.

Which letters say sh?

Yes, S-H. Er-uh-sh.

This is how we spell rush.

Let's say the sounds together and point to the letters to check our work.

Here we go.

Er-uh-sh.

Rush.

My letters and my sounds match.

Great job helping me with that.

Now, we're going to change just one letter and change rush to mush.

Let's say the sounds that we hear in mush.

But first, let's all say it together.

Ready?

1, 2, 3.

Mush.

Great.

Now let's say the sounds.

Mm-uh-sh.

Mush.

Mm-uh-sh.

Mush.

Hm.

To go from rush to mush, what letter do I change?

Yes, the first sound changes from a er to a mm.

Let's write mush.

Mm uh sh.

Mush.

Hm, let's just double check that we've got the right sounds with the letters that match.

Mm-uh-sh.

Mush.

Is that all right?

It is.

(playful sting plays) The next word that we're gonna put on our ladder is mash.

Say mash.

Great.

Now, let's listen to the sounds in mash.

Here we go.

Mm-ah-sh.

Mash.

Mm-ah-sh.

Mash.

Hmm.

I've got mush.

How would I change mush to mash?

Wow.

Yeah.

Great thinking.

Let's write down those sounds that you heard.

The mm is still gonna be letter M. Mm.

Not an uh but an ah.

What letter would that be?

Yeah, that's letter A. Mm-ah-sh.

There's that sh sound again.

And we know that the sh is made with S-H. Let's double check our work here.

Here we go.

Mm-ah-sh.

Mash.

M-A-S-H, mash.

Okay, I want you to think really hard on this next one 'cause the next word that we're going to make is the word ship.

Say ship.

Great, let's really think hard about where we hear the sounds for this in ship.

Here we go.

Sh-i-puh.

Ship.

Sh-i-puh.

Ship.

Wait a minute.

Where'd you hear that sh?

At the beginning, right?

Okay.

Huh.

In these other words, we heard the sh at the end.

And now we hear the sh at the beginning.

So we're gonna start with what two letters?

Yes, S-H. And we're gonna go sh.

I.

That's letter I. Sh-i-puh.

Sh-i-puh.

Ship.

S-H-I-P. That's how we spell ship.

Nice job.

Okay.

Hmm.

Now we're going to think if we wanna change ship to shop.

Hmm.

Say shop.

Great job.

Let's listen for the sounds in shop.

Sh-o-puh.

Shop.

Sh-o-puh.

Shop.

Hmm.

What am I gonna change to go from ship to shop?

Great.

That sh is still at the beginning, isn't it?

So I've got my S-H. Sh-o.

Yes, that's letter O. Sh-o-puh.

Look, I only had to change one letter because one sound is different from sh-i-puh to sh-o-puh.

Just that sound in the middle changed.

So we're gonna do another word because we're doing so well together as a group here.

We're gonna change the word shop into the word shut.

Like I had to shut the door so that it would lock.

Shut.

What's the word?

Shut.

Good job.

Let's say the sounds, listening for them first.

Here we go.

Sh-uh-tuh.

Shut.

Sh-uh-tuh.

Shut.

Now, let's write down the letters that match those sounds.

We know that sh is spelled with S-H. You're so fast at that now.

Sh-uh.

That's our letter U again.

Tuh.

Very good.

That's a T. Let's check it.

Sh-uh-tuh.

Shut.

Great job.

So now we have shut.

Hmm.

I think I want to make another word.

This one's a little tricky, but I think you can do it.

The next word is shush.

Can you say shush?

Nice.

Sometimes if you're in a place where you're supposed to be quiet, like at the library, for example, you might be told to shush.

Let's say shush.

Shush.

All right, now let's listen for the sounds in shush.

Sh-uh-sh.

Shush.

Sh-uh-sh.

Shush.

Huh.

What do you hear at the beginning?

Yeah, again, we have that sh, S-H, at the beginning.

And we know that uh is the same like in sh-uh-tuh but we have sh-uh...

But the last sound I hear is a sh.

So what letters would that be?

Yeah, S-H. Look at that.

Let's look at our sounds and say them as we go through shush.

Sh-uh-sh.

Shush.

And now let's say the letter names.

S-H-U-S-H spells shush.

Nice job.

We matched the sounds to the letters.

All right, I'm gonna get a little bit tricky.

We're gonna take away a letter to go from shush to hush.

Say hush.

Great.

Let's say the sound.

Listen for the sounds in hush.

Huh-uh-sh.

Huh-uh-sh.

Hush (playful sting plays) Okay, so we just listened to the sounds in hush, but we need to only take away one letter to change it from shush to hush.

What letter do we have to take away?

Oh, S?

This S?

Oh, no, no.

Oh, okay.

This S. Okay, so then we would have huh-uh-sh.

Hush.

Right.

If I take away the S, that H can say huh all by itself.

So let's do those sounds.

Huh-uh-sh.

Hush.

Huh-uh-sh.

Hush.

Great job.

Huh-uh-sh.

Hush.

H-U-S-H. Hush.

Let's now think about a word that we could do next.

I kind of wanna keep the letters here and just change one out.

So we're gonna go from hush to hash.

Can you say hash?

Great.

Okay.

Let's do the sounds in hash.

Huh-ah-sh.

Hash.

Huh-ah-sh.

Hash.

What sound is different?

Yeah, it's that sound in the middle part.

So let's keep the beginning the same with the H saying huh.

Huh.

Ah.

Yes, that's letter A. Huh-ah-sh.

You knew it.

S-H says the sh sound.

Huh-ah-sh.

Hash.

H-A-S-H. That spells hash.

Okay, this is a little tricky.

We're gonna go from hash and have to change two letters 'cause there's two sounds that change from hash to dish.

Can you say dish?

Great.

Let's listen for the sounds in dish.

Duh-i-sh.

Dish.

Duh-i-sh.

Dish.

Hmm.

So what letter makes the duh?

Yeah, that's letter D. Duh-i-i.

Letter I.

Great.

Duh-i-sh.

Yeah, you're so good at that now.

S-H says the sh.

You're so good at that now.

S-H says the sh.

Great job.

This is it.

At the top of our ladder.

The last word we're going to make, we're gonna change dish, like, "Please put my food on that dish," into dash (whooshes).

Something that's really fast is done in a dash.

Okay, say dash.

Nice.

Now let's hear the sounds in dash.

Duh-ah-sh.

Dash.

Duh-ah-sh.

Dash.

What will I change?

Just one change to go from dish to dash.

Oh, it's that middle sound again that changes, isn't it?

Okay, let's do the first sound then.

Duh we know is going to be with letter D. Duh.

Now, instead of an i, we have an ah.

Yeah, that's letter A. Ah.

Duh-ah-sh.

You've got it.

That's our S-H. Duh-ah-sh.

Let's sky write it.

Duh-ah-sh.

Dash.

Now let's do the letter names.

D-A-S-H.

Dash.

Wow, thank you, word builders for helping me go all the way from the bottom of this ladder starting with rush, moving all the way up to get to dash.

(playful sting plays) You did excellent thinking about the sounds you heard, matching it to the letters you know that you thought about, and then writing it down, or sky writing in the air.

Keep doing that great learning.

Keep listening for the sh sound and writing down S-H every time you hear that sound.

I look forward to some more learning with you sometime soon.

In the meantime, Ms. Rodgers and I are so happy that you are with us today.

We hope that you're gonna come back to "Read, Write, Roar!"

really soon.

- [Announcer] This program is made possible in part by the Michigan Department of Education, the state of Michigan, and the W.K.

Kellogg Foundation.

Additional support by... And by viewers like you.

Thank you.

(upbeat music) (gentle piano music)